INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL EDUCATION AND RESEARCH (IJPER)

The Cadaveric Study of ‘Guda’ to Certitude Sushrutokta “Gudavalitraye”

Rupesh K. Singh, Madhu Verma — Tue, 21 Nov 2023 05:52:43 +0100

The lowest part of the gastrointestinal tract is formed by the rectum and anal canal. Useful components of the food are absorbed and waste material is expelled from the anus; which is the external opening of the anal canal seen in the perineum. Anal canal is heavily guarded by the sphincters and is subjected to many maladies. Balanced food at proper timing decreases these maladies. The knowledge of anatomy and physiology is essential for the benefit of the body as this knowledge gives insight for the maintenance of healthy body and its treatment and hence expert highly recommends the anatomical and physiological understanding of the body. In the literary review, it is found that though anatomically the length of rectum and anal canal is 16cms according to modern view but according to Ayurvedic view the length of Guda is 4 ½ Angula which is roughly 9 cm so only lower 6 cm of rectum and 3 cm of anal canal is considered as Guda.

The Molecular Docking Studies of Benzimidazole Analogues as Novel Anti-Inflammatory Agents

Himanshu Chauhan, Sandeep K. Bansal, Anurag Agrawal — Tue, 21 Nov 2023 06:00:59 +0100

Introduction: The benzimidazole nucleus is an integral part of legion bioactive heterocyclic compounds that are of great interest due to their various biological and clinical properties. The primary goal of this research is to design (in-silico) novel benzimidazole chemical entities as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents.
Material and Method: Molecular docking calculations were carried out to identify the interactions of designed benzimidazole analogues with COX-2 (PDB ID: 6COX). The docked complex conformations were studied in terms of binding energy, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic interactions. Molecular docking experiments were carried out at MGL Tools 1.5.7 software suite AutoDock 4.2.6.
Results And Discussion: The Bindings revealed that the four novel molecules had binding energy greater than Indomethacin (Standard molecule). 2-fluorophenyl derivative has a binding energy of -11.34 kcal/mol and binding interactions with amino acids; (vizALA:199, PHE:200, HIS:207, ASN:207, HIS:386, HIS:388, LEU:390, LEU391).It Identifies benzimidazole analogues as promising molecules for anti-inflammatory activities comparable with standard.

Techniques for Metal Ion Determination in Samples

Krishna Gupta, Saumyata Khobragade, Anjali Ukey, Anita Pounikar, Milind Umekar — Tue, 21 Nov 2023 06:04:02 +0100

In human body building as well as in plants Metal ions play a vital role in vital functioning such as in various food chain reactions. Due to increase in industrialization everyday various industrial wastes contaminated with metal ions and metalloids. Several enzymes need them for their catalytic action, and their absence can cause a number of illnesses in humans. When this metal ions concentration level increases above the certain limits, it is harmful to human, animals, plant as well as aqua system. Because various essential biological processes in humans depend on metal ions, their absence or scarcity may result in diseases. In pharmaceutical sectors various transition metals are used as catalyst to improve kinetics of reaction. Therefore, it is necessary to determine concentration of metals ions whether it is present in within the limits, otherwise excess of its concentration may leads to toxicity in body. Also, the advisory body has made some regulatory guidelines to monitor and control levels of metals ions in food, environment and medicines. Hence more precise, accurate, economically acceptable, sensible and selective method are required to detect metal ions concentration in pharmaceutical, environmental, agrochemical and aquatic samples as well as in body tissues/fluids is also essential. Hence in our review we try to sum up various metal ion detection techniques, there mechanism and principle behind detection of heavy metal ion detection and instrumentation. The given methods are more sensitive at very low detection limits of up to pictogram level, accurate and more precise levels detection has been achieved.

Curcumin’s Potential as A Drug Delivery Method and Anticancer Treatment

Tue, 21 Nov 2023 06:14:05 +0100

This abstract explores the potential of curcuma as both a drug delivery method and an anticancer treatment. Curcuma, a natural compound derived from turmeric, has gained attention for its bioactive properties. As a drug delivery method, curcuma’s lipophilic nature allows it to encapsulate various therapeutic agents, enhancing their solubility and bioavailability. Moreover, curcuma’s inherent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant characteristics contribute to its potential as an effective anticancer treatment. This abstract reviews recent research on curcuma-based drug delivery systems and its mechanisms of action against cancer cells, highlighting its promising role in advancing drug delivery strategies and cancer therapies. Certainly, in recent years, researchers have focused on harnessing the unique properties of curcuma for drug delivery purposes. Its ability to form stable complexes with hydrophobic drugs, along with its biocompatibility, makes it an attractive candidate for improving the delivery of poorly water-soluble drugs. By encapsulating these drugs within curcuma-based nanoparticles or micelles, researchers aim to enhance drug stability and release kinetics, ultimately leading to more effective treatments with reduced side effects. Additionally, curcuma’s potential as an anticancer treatment has been extensively investigated. Its active compound, curcumin, exhibits multifaceted effects on various cancer cell types. Curcumin has been shown to modulate signaling pathways involved in cell proliferation, apoptosis, and angiogenesis. Moreover, curcumin’s ability to target tumor cells while sparing normal cells makes it a promising candidate for combination therapies that enhance the effectiveness of traditional chemotherapy agents.Clinical studies have explored curcuma’s role in reducing cancer growth, metastasis, and even improving patients’ response to chemotherapy. However, challenges such as low bioavailability and rapid metabolism of curcumin have prompted innovative approaches, including nanoparticle formulations and co-administration with absorption-enhancing agents .In conclusion, the combined potential of curcuma as a drug delivery method and an anticancer treatment opens up exciting possibilities for the future of pharmaceutical research. By addressing its limitations and further exploring its mechanisms of action, curcuma-based therapies could revolutionize drug delivery strategies and contribute to more targeted and effective cancer treatments.

Do Patients Really Communicate with Healthcare Professionals?

Manjuladevi M, Aravind Chalapathy, Oviyaasri M — Tue, 21 Nov 2023 06:20:13 +0100

Pharma plays an important role in our daily lives. In the present year, people has evolved from Ayurveda to modernised treatment and medication but still some lack the importance of medicines and the knowledge about them. People are lacking in taking medications as prescribed. They fail to follow the medications regularly and properly. They are not aware of the side effects and the mechanism of the medicine that they adhere. Patients lack communication with the doctors or nurse, or pharmacist which is very important to discuss and get clarified with their doubts. Patients are not bothered about the dosage knowledge, the problem with substitution medication. Some patients are even hesitated to ask the health care professionals even though they have some issues or doubts. In some cases, instead of patients, they are allowing their family members to purchase the medicine, sometimes even without prescription. Patients are more often to pharmacy than hospital. In this paper, the author did empirical research and tested a hypothesis and analysed using statistical analysis that includes both qualitative and quantitative analyses and answered those hypotheses.